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2002 - Karen Janaína Galina

MSc. Thesis

Author: Karen Janaína Galina

Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences-Pharmaceutical and Pharmaceutical Development of the Paulista State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho"

Date of Defense: January 23, 2003

Advisor: Prof. Dr.  João Carlos Palazzo de Mello

Examination Board: Prof. Dra.Hérida Regina Nunes Marona

Prof. Dra. Cássia Mônica Sakuragui
 
 

Title: Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., Sterculiaceae: botanical, chemical, and microbiological study

Abstract: Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., Sterculiaceae, popularly known as “mutamba”, presents wide geographical distribution, ranging from Mexico to Southern Brazil. The interest in  the microbial and chemical study is due to its use for treatment for hair loss. This activity can be attributed to tannins that have many pharmacological activities such anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, radical scavenging, anti-ulcer, anti-microbial, anti-viral and capillary protective action. The material was collected in the field vicinity of Londrina, Paraná state and, in the field vicinity of Guariroba, São Paulo state, and, after botanical analyses, the identification confirmed the material being Guazuma ulmifoliaLam., var. tomentella. In the microscopic analyses, big secretories ducts among the cells of the parenquimal tissue and star-shaped trichoms on the epidermis were detected. In the chemical analyses was carried out the separation of compounds from the crude extract by a column chromatography on Sephadex® LH-20. By the biologic point of view, observed the in vitro anti-bacterial activity from crude and semi-purified extracts, by microdilution method. The result for activity against Staphyllococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis was showed by the aqueous fraction of crude extract (MIC 31.25 mg/ml, and MBC 250 mg/ml; MIC 125 mg/ml and MBC 500 mg/ml, respectively). Moreover, the ethyl acetate fraction presented some activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC 250 mg/ml). Phytochemical approach proved the presence of tannins, flavonoids and saponins. From the fractionation of a crude extract of G. ulmifoliastem bark, with the ethyl acetate fraction, led to the isolation of one flavan-3-ol (epicatechin) and two dimmers of condensed tannin [procyanidin Band epiafzelechin-(4b®8)-epicatechin], whole characterized by spectroscopic methods by NMR, MS and comparison with literature values.

Keywords: Guazuma ulmifolia; Sterculiaceae; condensed tannins; botanical analyses, antibacterial activity.

 

Dissertation PDF: Karen Janaina Galina

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