Dissertation
João Carlos Palazzo de Mello
MSc. Thesis
Postgraduate course in Pharmacy "Analysis, synthesis and control of medicines
Area of Knowledge: Pharmacognosy
Date of Defense: August 17, 1989
Advisor: Dr. Pedro Ros Petrovick
Examination Board: Prof. Dr. Eloir Paulo Schenkel - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Prof. Dr. Walter Vichnewski - Universidade de São Paulo - Ribeirão Preto
Title: Galenic development macerated Baccharis trimera (LESS.) DS. - Compositae - (carqueja)
Abstract
The quality determination of drugs implicate in the evaluation of the raw material, process and final product. Some special care must be taken in the preparation of phytotherapeutic drugs in order to assure the quality of the plant material, due to its complexity and variety. A hydroalcoholic macerate from flowery aerial parts of Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC>, Compositae ('carqueja') was developed regarding the aspects of its total quality and galenical development. the pplant raw material was standardized through botanical and physico-chemical methods. The chemical composition of the raw material, intermediate products and extract was evaluated through chromatographic (PC, TLC, VLC and HPLC) and physic techniques. For the quantitation of the tracer substances, eupatorin and 3-o-methylquercetin, were used two methods: thin-layer chromatography associated with UV spectrophotometry (TLC/UV) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC was used for the validation of the TLC/UV-method. The presence of 3-o-methylquercetin, a new substance for the genus Baccharis, was determine by chromatographic and UV-spectroscopic methods. The influence of some technological factors such as maceration time, ethanol concentration in the extraction liquid and granulometriy of the plant material was analysed using 2n factorial design. The factorial analysis demonstrated to be suitable to evaluate this influence considering the yeld of flavonoids. While the yeld of eupatorin deppends only on the granulometric range of the plant matrerial, increase of ethanolic concentration and granulometry reduces the concentration of 3-o-methylquercetin. Prolongation of maceration time results on a higher amount of this flavonoid.
