2003 - Tânia Mara Antonelli Ushirobira
Author: Tânia Mara Antonelli Ushirobira
Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences - State University of Maringá
Area of Knowledge: Pharmacognosy
Date of Defense: September 5, 2003
Advisor: Prof. Dr. João Carlos Palazzo de Mello
Examination Board: Dra. Elisabeth Audi
Dr. Eloir Paulo Schenkel
Title: Chemical study, microbiological and preclinical toxicological evaluation (acute and subchronic) of Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis (Mart.) Ducke (guaraná)
Abstract: Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis (Mart.) Ducke, popularly known as “guaraná”, is a Brazilian plant, growing in the Amazonian area, and their seeds has a high concentration of tannins and methylxanthines. This plant is popularly used as a stimulant of the cerebral functions. From the crude extract (EBPC) of the seeds of “guaraná” was obtained a semi-purified extract (EPA) and aqueous fraction (FAQ) (requeried patent). The EPA was chromatographed by CC (Sephadex–LH20) and 24 subfractions were obtained, which were isolated and identified the following compounds: caffeine, catechin, epicatechin, procyanidins B2, B3 and B4. The antibacterial activity of the extracts and isolated compounds was carried out against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and presented a negative effect at the concentration lower than 1000 µg/ml. The acute and subcronic toxicology evaluation was carried out with EPA fraction. In the acute toxicology test, with Swiss male mice, were observed LD50 1,769 ± 0,242 g/kg (p.o.) e 0,593 ± 0,097 g/kg (i.p.). The subcronic test, with male and female Wistar rats, led to decrease of the body weight gains in the male rats. In spite of the data no-simultaneous between males and females animals, about the biochemical analyses with statistically significants results (males: alkaline phosphatase, glucose and alanine aminotransferase; females: amylase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose, triglycerides and urea) and no observation dose-response relationship, these results suggest that the EPA fraction showed some possible toxicity at the liver.
Keywords: Paullinia cupana. Methylxanthines. Flavan-3-ols. Condensed tannins. Antibacterial activity. Acute and subcronic toxicological evaluation.
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